Miller, J. Innes. In: The Spice Trade of the Roman Empire. It is believed that almost 90% of the entire wildlife of Madagascar is found nowhere else on planet Earth. For discussion of the physical and human geography of individual countries in the region and of their late colonial and postcolonial history, see Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, and Uganda. East Africa's Coral Refuge is a critical source of food and livelihoods for people all across Kenya and Tanzania. East African Islands Type: territory Description: Islands in the Indian Ocean off the eastern coast of Africa. The Dragonfly Sea (2019) by Kenyan author Yvonne Owuor follows the story of a protagonist named Ayaana on the island of Pate. For the entity known as (British) East Africa, see, Somaliland is not included in the United Nations geoscheme, as it is internationally. For example, men from local villages are now employed as game scouts, patrolling for poachers over hundreds of miles, often on foot. The grasslands of Tanzania and Kenya are renowned for their wildlife, in particular large migratory herds of ungulates (e.g., gnus, zebras, and gazelles) and predators (lions, hyenas, and leopards). Princeton, Princeton University Press. This was projected to reach 890 million by 2050, with an average growth rate of 2.5% per annum. A new period opened, it seems, in the 9th century. The Dragonfly Sea, by Yvonne Adhiambo Owuor. Make a symbolic African elephant adoption to help save some of the world's most endangered animals from extinction and support WWF's conservation efforts. [32][33][34][35], In 2017 finds of modern human remains, dating to ca 300,000 years ago in Jebel Irhoud in Morocco, suggested that modern humans arose earlier and possibly in a larger area of Africa than previously thought. The scene was of a huge congregation which consisted of a densely stacked (but spread out) base. Chapter 8: "The Cinnamon Route". Please click on this logo for more information. We assist local communities in securing management rights to their local wildlife and fisheries. Credit: DOI: 10.1038/s41561-021-00809-x. Today at the Bab-el-Mandeb straits, the Red Sea is about 12 miles (20 kilometres) wide, but 50,000 years ago it was much narrower and sea levels were 70 meters lower. With 1.4 billion people as of 2021, it accounts for about 18% of the world's human population.Africa's population is the youngest amongst all the . Precipitation also is affected by varying elevation: Uganda, Tanzania, and western Kenya receive plentiful rainfall, while Somalia, eastern Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya receive far less. 08/22/2019. Gujarati traders were already criss-crossing the ocean for biashara with the Swahili Coast of Eastern Africa. 2002. A blacktip shark cruises the lagoon as a storm approaches in Aldabra atoll, Seychelles Adam Mitchell (Photographer of the Year 2017 Top 101), TheAldabra atollhas one of the highest shark densities of anywhere in the western Indian Ocean. [47] The Aksumite rulers facilitated trade by minting their own Aksumite currency. South Sudanese independence was nearly derailed by the South Kordofan conflict, particularly a dispute over the status of the Abyei Area, and both Abyei and South Kordofan's Nuba Hills remained a source of tension between Juba and Khartoum as of 2011[update]. Twin parallel rift valleys that are part of the East African Rift System run through the region. The situation is exacerbated by large-scale illegal logging, which is often exported to international markets. Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda have each faced instability and ethnic conflict since independence, most notably the 1994 Rwandan genocide and the 1993 Burundi genocide and subsequent Burundian Civil War. The two currents do not "meet" anywhere along the south coast of Africa. Though the straits were never completely closed, there may have been islands in between which could be reached using simple rafts. [74] In Ethiopia, there is an estimated population of 102million as of 2016.[75]. It was last seen in British general knowledge crossword. Encyclopedia Britannica, inc, Jacob E. Safra, J. D. Fage, A history of Africa, Routledge, 2002, p.29, Daniel Don Nanjira, African Foreign Policy and Diplomacy: From Antiquity to the 21st Century, ABC-CLIO, 2010, p.114. Eastern Africa had an estimated population of 260 million in 2000. A windswept and beautiful coast is the face that South Africa presents to the world - at turns tempestuous and tamed, stormy and sublime. East Africa & Indian Ocean cruises. . The equator runs through Africa, from Gabon in the west to Somalia in the east, and nearly splits the continent into two equal parts. This, coupled with similar climatic and ecological conditions in most of the surrounding coastal lands, has . [48] The Bantu expansion was a long series of physical migrations, a diffusion of language and knowledge out into and in from neighboring populations, and a creation of new societal groups involving inter-marriage among communities and small groups moving to communities and small groups moving to new areas. Between the 19th and 20th century, East Africa became a theatre of competition between the major imperialistic European nations of the time. Local merchants gathered ivory from the south, gold from the western interior and frankincense and myrrh from northern Africa. Within this region, WWF works in Kenya, Tanzania and Mozambique and the western part of the Indian Ocean. The German Empire gained control of a large area named German East Africa, comprising present-day Rwanda, Burundi and the mainland part of Tanzania named Tanganyika. The Big Five of the Ocean: Exploring the Waters of East Africa. This warm water current runs south along the east coast of southern Africa from ~25S to 40S, and is the Western Boundary Current of the South Indian Ocean. Roland Oliver, et al. These campaigns have led to arrests of poachers and seizures of weapons and illegal wildlife items, including ivory and rhino horn. Here the situation differed somewhat from that in the north, and, though tortoiseshell and rhinoceros horn were exported from thereas were quantities of ivory and coconut oilno mention is made of slaves. Local communities play a critical role in management and patrolling of the area, and have established sanctuaries (no-fishing zones) that allow for the recovery of depleted fish stocks and corals. Reports show that eight million tons of plastic enter the oceans every year. WWF strives to develop practical solutions to address the conflict that frequently occurs between people and wildlife. Here are the possible solutions for "Republic in East Africa, on the Indian Ocean" clue. We facilitate ranger training and provide equipment. Its here, in the deep, pelagic waters, where blue sharks (Prionace glauca) call it home. This includes some of the biggest animals in the sea: whale sharks, giant manta rays, humpback whales, dolphins, tiger sharks, and all the colors and wonder of tropical fish and coral reefs. . And four species of commercially important tunabigeye, albacore, yellowfin and skipjackare found here. The East African coast and the Western Indian Ocean are regions of global historical signi cance. Local communities need the ability to protect their resources against illegal activities. Eastern Africa is populated by 160 different ethnic groups or more, depending on the method of counting. WWF works to sustain the natural world for the benefit of people and wildlife, collaborating with partners from local to global levels in nearly 100 countries. To comment on this story: Download our app here - it's a troll-free safe place . Meanwhile, in 1884, a narrow coastal strip of Somaliland came under British control (British Somaliland). A whale shark swims with a diver off the coast of East Africa. Research has shown that most of the monster storms that hit the US and Canada start out as a distinct weather pattern in the atmosphere over western Africa, specifically a spot off the coast of the African Cape Verde islands.. The Republic of Venice had gained control over much of the trade routes between Europe and Asia. [72] In the video games Halo 2 and Halo 3, East Africa is one of the central locations for the campaigns.[73]. World Wildlife Fund Inc. is a nonprofit, tax-exempt charitable organization (tax ID number 52-1693387) under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Nilotic languages, such as Luo, Kalenjin, Maasai and Nuer, are spoken in lesser numbers, primarily in the African Great Lakes and Nile Valley. A blue shark just below the surface about 40km off Cape Point, South Africa Geo Cloete (Photographer of the Year 2018 Top 101), Sail southwest from Cape Point and eventually you will be surrounded by the blue horizon in all directions. Lamu is one of the oldest Swahili settlements in East Africa. Approximately 55,000 people live in or around the Quirimbas marine reserve off the coast of Mozambique. A frenzy of dolphins off the coast of Cote d-Ivoire Gary Krosin (Photographer of the Year 2018 Entrant), ? To the west, Africa has its longest coastline with the Atlantic Ocean. The park is Africas largest marine protected arearich with coral reefs, dugongs, dolphins, marine turtles, whales, sharks and hundreds of species of fish. Its a beautiful part of the world this blue desert with its hidden abundance of life. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Fast as they are, I doubt this shark was quick enough to outrun the storm. ~ Adam Mitchell, ? Go next. It imported large quantities of Islamic pottery and, in the 9th and 10th centuries, Chinese porcelain. The three main colors of the African country were beige, red, and blue. eastern Africa, part of sub-Saharan Africa comprising two traditionally recognized regions: East Africa, made up of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda; and the Horn of Africa, made up of Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea, and Ethiopia. But also because there are so many different tourist coasts along its length. Marine Turtle, African elephant, Black rhino, White rhino, Great white shark, Dugong, Whale shark, In response to Covid-19, a new partnership will boost the devastated nature-based tourism industry in Africa, Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing. 293,654,000. Several countries border the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. Home to some of the most spectacular and treasured life, the oceans and seas surrounding Africa contain a multitude of creatures that thrive in the warm and cold currents that run along our continent. The Gulf Stream, paired with the eastern . Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt. [citation needed] As cattle terminology in use amongst the few modern Bantu pastoralist groups suggests, the Bantu migrants would acquire cattle from their new Cushitic neighbors. 2010-10-06 07:36:31. A map drawn in Spain dated 1375, showing the king of Mali holding a gold nugget. A green turtle swims in the blue waters at Marsa Abu Dabbab in the Red Sea, Egypt Cristian Umili (Photographer of the Year 2018 entrant), ? Along the coasts, you can find dugongs, whale sharks, dolphins, whales, and five species of marine turtles. Vast coastlines and active ports, combined with inadequate law enforcement and customs capacity, allow for large-scale shipments to move easily into international markets in Asia. Elephants, rhinos, lions, wild dogs, and more iconic species roam the landscape. By 2050, there could be more plastic than fish in the seas by weight, according to one estimate. (RSA) +27 (87) 551-8105 Increased numbers of fish in the sanctuary areas benefit local fishermen who catch more fish in the surrounding areas, and have fueled a profitable tourism industry. Various bodies of water surround Africa the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the east and southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and in these waters, you will find an array of dazzling lifeforms, from the smallest nudibranch to the impressive schools of fish that move through the water like a flock of red-billed queleas on the African plains. The first identifiable building sites are dated from this time, and, according to Arab geographers, the East African coast was then generally thought of as being divided into four: (1) Berber (Amazigh) lands, which ran down the Somalian coast to the Shabeelle River, (2) Zanj proper, (3) the land of Sofala in present-day Mozambique, whence gold was beginning to be shipped by about the 10th century, and (4) a vaguely described land of Waq waq, beyond. West of the Rwenzoris and Ethiopian highlands, the rainfall pattern is more typically tropical, with rain throughout the year near the equator and a single wet season in most of the Ethiopian Highlands from June to September contracting to July and August around Asmara. Encyclopdia Britannica, inc, Jacob E. Safra. 1. With maximum velocities of around 8.5 km/h, it is one of the fastest and strongest flowing currents in the world. Off the coast of East Africa is the Indian Ocean. In the African Great Lakes region, Niger-Congo languages of the Bantu branch are most widely spoken. The Southern African coast line is 5500 km long and extends from Angola (Cunene River mouth)in the west to the Zambezi delta in the east, the border of Tanzania. This current is generated because of upwelling of cold water near the west coast of Africa. [22] Elsewhere the annual rainfall generally increases towards the south and with altitude, being around 400mm (16in) at Mogadishu and 1,200mm (47in) at Mombasa on the coast, whilst inland it increases from around 130mm (5in) at Garoowe to over 1,100mm (43in) at Moshi near Kilimanjaro. The Periplus describes in some detail the shore of what was to become northern Somalia. A green turtle that was accidentally caught in fishing gear is about to be returned to the wild by WWF staff. This region already suffers from unpredictable rainfall and frequent drought, along with intense rains and flooding. 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