*% Problem? Sicilian Scrum: One Italian Rugby Club is Standing Up to the Mafia. Organ failure. She learned. Esther's travels around Europe were not entirely without fits and starts. [11] Helen Kane for pilfering Ann's stuff, listened to Ann with an air of interested repugnance. All Rights Reserved. [24], Esther was interviewed in Rio de Janeiro by press who wanted to know how she had avoided the racists who lynched and burned black people in Texas and Alabama. I did push myself a little too much, she says. The Jim Crow restaurant was eventually closed while Baby Esther's popularity rose higher than ever. comment. This is proof that Kane was the partial base for Betty Boop. Some of Kaufmans family experienced catharsis visiting Carrey during that time, as though having spent time with Kaufman himself. It was also around this time that Esther was signed for a talking short by Movietone where she sang several songs with an orchestra. It is possible that Helen Kane could have changed Esther's "Roop" and or "Woop" to "Poop" and or the full "Roop-Woop-a-Woop" to "Poop-Poop-a-Doop" and making it her own. Other scat sounds Esther used to interpolate include "Roop-Woop-a-Woop," "Ud-Up-Deo-Do," "Skeet Scat," "Bup-Bup," "Poo-Poo-a-Doo" and Esther was even said to have used "Boop-Boop-a-Doop" as it was a very popular phrase in 1928. In 1934, she may have been 12 or 13 years old, as her age was reported as seven in June 1928[13] and in March 1929;[18] or she may have been 15 or 16, as other articles from 1929 describe Esther as 10 years old;[1][29] and an article during the week of August 22, 1931, seems to say that she was 12 then.[24]. He claimed that Esther was 13-years-old in Paris and 14-years-old in Berlin, and that watching her perform took away his depression. Gertrude also did a variety of scatting which included scat-sounds such as "Twa-Twa-Twa," "Tweet-Tweet-Twat," "Ska-La-De," "Scoodly-Da," "Booly-Boo-Roo-N-Toodly," "Wa-Wa-Wa," "Wa-Wa-Wa-Wa-Wa-Wa-Wa," "De-De-De-De-De-De-De-De," "Rooden-De-De-Do-De-Rooden-De-De," "Dooden-De-De," "Roo-Dooden-De-De," "Skee-Ripple-Skee-Rubble," "He-Den-De-Dee," "Rrr-Ree-Rrr-Rrr-Rrr," "Rom-Bo-De," and had been scat-singing since 1921. Theatrical manager Lou Bolton testified during the Kane v. Fleischer trial that Kane saw Baby Esther's cabaret act in 1928, in which Esther used interpolated words such as "boo-boo-boo" and "doo-doo-doo". People think that they find their purpose and theyre going to do it for 40 or 50 years, she says. In 1934, Esther also attended a NAACP for Bill "Bojangles" Robinson. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy, A Physical Therapist to the Stars, Esther Lee Is Now Facing Down Death, sexual harassment lawsuit filed against him in 2016, Sicilian Scrum: One Italian Rugby Club is Standing Up to the Mafia. Shed filled her life with work, travel and being a great caretakerall good and healthy pursuits in their own right, but also brilliant distractions from her own pain. Florence Mills used to frequently use a "Tooty-Tooty-Too" in her song "Baby and Me," in a higher pitch obbligato, kind of like a flute. She had long, deep conversations with her chaplain, friends and family. As sources state that Baby Esther's singing style was "flute" like and was based on Florence Mills' style of singing. Though she may have gave Kane the idea[6] after Kane was allegedly reported as seeing Esther's show in 1928, the "Boop-Boop-a-Doop" was not Esther's style. Which is why Kane was ruled against later in court by Judge Edward J. McGoldrick. It bought me time. Thats why hes accomplished some amazing things. After firing Lou Bolton and replacing him with Sidney Garner, Esther's mother Mrs. Jones declared that she was thoroughly satisfied with Mr. Garner's management, and that he submitted all contracts to her so that she knew what Esther was earning. In which they used a photo of Esther Bigeou a scat-singer and known light-skinned African-American model from the early 1920s, who would often promote skin bleaching. Very little is known about Esther Joness life, or her death, after the infamous Betty Boop trial. Vu described Esther Jones as: "Dressed in a costume with spangles like some brilliant little butterfly, the light of the projectors is shining on her. The only difference with Ann, is she got to voice Betty officially in some cartoons and on radio. Esther was a big reason why. Then, learn all about the tragic story of Juana Maria, who inspired the classic novel Island of the Blue Dolphins. In Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, So Paulo, and Montevideo she proved to be a sensation. But Id love to try.. The article has been updated to reflect Lee's experiences. She grew up in love with sports, playing volleyball, softball, floor hockey, soccer, running cross-country, and competing in various track and field events. [1] After gaining attention in her hometown of Chicago, she became an international celebrity before leaving the public spotlight as a teenager. I was really good at keeping myself busy, she says. Esther Lee Jones Raymond. In fact, few recordings of her work remain, and what little is known about her came out in a lawsuit that exposed the real Betty Boops true origins once and for all. Its O.K. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. She was a trained scat singer, dancer and acrobat. In Paris, Esther was known as the "Miniature Josephine Baker". When interviewed Mae Questel would often state that she was the model for Betty Boop, not Helen Kane. One minute she was with Josephine Hall in Sweden, the next she was off to fill her next engagement in Europe. [45], Photos of the model Olya Gussy costumed as Betty Boop, taken by Russian-based studio Retro Atelier in 2008, are regularly misidentified as Esther Jones. She found herself constantly vacuuming it up, which was physically taxing and psychologically painful. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Burial will be in Fairland-Littlejohn Cemetery.. [40][41], Baby Esther is most associated today with her connection with the Kane v. Fleischer lawsuit. Vu, a leading illustrated weekly, devoted the entire front cover to her picture and a full page in the interior. Judge Edward J. McGoldrick ruled that "the vocables 'boop-boop-a-doop' and similar sounds had been used by other performers prior to the plaintiff" and that "the plaintiff has failed to sustain either cause of action by proof of sufficient probative force. When a death occurs, a certifier must determine the cause (s) of death and accurately report it on the death certificate. "[27] Esther made another Philadelphia appearance in September at a benefit for the Douglass Hospital, hosted by the famed dancer Bill "Bojangles" Robinson. There is no job description for Esther., Esther worked with the Williams sisters for the next six years. When it comes to hidden figures in Black history, few have a legacy as instantly recognizable as Esther Jones. View Source Share Save to Suggest Edits Memorial Photos Flowers Memorials Region North America USA Shes just really nicethe soul of her being is nice. Esther lived in the obscure "colored" part of Chicago with her mother and father. She was also identified in a 1930s program, in which stated that she pioneered scat-singing. In 1924, when she was barely 4 years old, Lou Bolton stepped in as her manager, and Jones bookings and profile increased exponentially. [1] An article in The Chicago Defender described her as the highest-paid child artist in the world. Esther Jones's passing on Sunday, May 1, 2022 has been publicly announced by Morrison Funeral Home - Tuscumbia in Tuscumbia, AL.Legacy invites you to offer condolences and share memories of Esther in They look so bright.. To get better results, add more information such as Birth Info, Death Info and Locationeven a guess will help. 20072023 Blackpast.org. Which include A Language All My Own, The New Deal Show, and a "Da-Da-Da" in Betty Boop's Trial. Over the course of the Fleisher Studios v. Kane trial, it was revealed that Kane had begun mimicking Jones scat act and even sang the same song, I Want to Be Loved By You including the Boop-Boop-a-Doop reference. Wikimedia CommonsEsther Lee Jones, also known as Baby Esther, seen here in a publicity image circa 1930. Whats next? White recalls asking. According to information, while touring with Josephine Hall, it stated that Esther was constantly going from one country to another to fill engagements. Esther spent the next year and a half working with musicians and action movie stars. In Spain she played for King Alphonso and Queen Victoria Eugenie. Beyond the treatments, they took group hip-hop dance lessons together and whenever White took her to the mountains, shed go snowboarding with him, loving the sport. Photo above is Esther Mae Phillips, not Baby Esther, for those who cannot seem to identify images, for those who don't read and just copy and paste. I was feeling really frustrated after Sochi.. Esthers philosophy is to let her patients needs guide her care, rather than follow prescribed treatment methods based on a diagnosis. Esther replied that she had so far escaped their wrath by staying out of the South. Harrison G. Smith, a business associate of Bolden Smith of New York, furnished Esther with several songs: "The Turtle Walk," "My Little Dixie Home," "I've Got the Blues for Dixieland," and "I Need a Man (Around My House)."[18]. During the late 1920s, Esther "Baby Esther" Jones became known for singing in a baby voice and regularly performing at the legendary Cotton Club in Harlem. She was then only 4. She also appeared in Helena Justas Harlem Maniacs revue when she loaned the Sepia Dancers. I see things so differently., She spends most of her time at her home in the Valley. She never left my side, Serena says. Venus limped into her house. In the course of the evening, the president of Brazil expressed to Sidney Garner his great pleasure at seeing such capable black American artists in Brazil. Songs furnished for Esther by Harrison G. Smith, a business associate of Bolden Smith of New York. Regardless of her role in the development of the Betty Boop cartoon character, Jones should be remembered as a child star with a brief but remarkable career in the entertainment industry. Today Esther is probably best known today for inspiring Helen Kane to scat sing in her act. N.p., n.p. I would maybe even get in trouble, she says. [1] Gentle, thoughtful and warm, she laughed seemingly every other sentencesometimes the topics were absurdly deep for the situation; other times, she just seemed happy to be alive. In the course of the evening the president of Brazil expressed to Sidney Garner, his great pleasure at seeing such capable black American artists in Brazil. Now the dam was broken. ", The Art and Inventions of Max Fleischer: American Animation Pioneer, "Photo: This is NOT Esther Jones and Betty Boop Was Not Black", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baby_Esther&oldid=1142352162, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox person with multiple agents, Articles with failed verification from August 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Li'l Esther, Baby Esther, Little Esther, Young Florence Mills, Second Florence Mills, Miniature Florence Mills, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 23:05. But Kanes lawsuit ultimately backfired on her, because Bolton Jones manager was called to testify on behalf of Fleischer and the Paramount Publix Corp. A 1934 article in The New York Times reported on Boltons testimony, wherein he stated that he coached a little Negro girl to sing the Boop, Boop-A-Doop that Betty Boop ultimately made famous. Vaudeville star Esther Bigeou a model, dancer and singer who had been mistaken for Esther Jones for decades by an article on a website Betty Boop Checks since 2003, also did a "Twa-Twa-Twa" with a "Twe" scat technique in 1923. When Baby Esther is referenced, sources and media often use fake images and often twist the story to their liking, due to misleading sources that once confused the world. "The Turtle Walk," "My Little Dixie Home," "I've Got the Blues for Dixieland" and "I need a Man (Around My House)" were used for Esther's 1929 European tour. It had been beautiful. Russian-American theatrical manager Lou Bolton saw her performance and got her engagements in Chicago, New York, Detroit, Toronto and other cities, after which he brought her to Europe. Born in 1919 or 1920 in Chicago, Illinois, Esther Jones was a born performer who first took the stage at age 4. The liars even went to the length of claiming that Esther was a Helen Kane impersonator. Baby Esther Jones Wordpress Blog - Tons of article scans and write ups. Prior to this article being written, Baby Esther's story was a little misleading due to the original "Esther Bigeou" source which was used for decades. For instance, when her doctors scheduled her surgery for two months later, she pressed until they changed it to an earlier date. Its always been important to me to take care of other people.. On Stage and On Trial. But even if thats the case, it seems quite nice to have Esther Lee Jones remembered legitimately. Literally asked her on the spot, Serena says. The Death Notice Index is a database listing the dates of death notices that have appeared in the Tulsa World and Tulsa Tribune. Youre really a go-getter here, they said, laughing, which confused her. In 1954, Helen Kane used Gertrude Saunders' "Tweet-Tweet-Tweet" in her song "When My Sugar Walks Down The Street" for MGM Records. While touring Spain, Esther was referenced as a "La Pandilla" which translates to "Little Rascal." Thats just how Ive always been, Esther says. I shouldnt be here. Otten named his daughter (Alja) Alexandra Esther, after Esther Jones. James Bama Cause Of Death, Wife, Children, Net Worth. We were at the bottom of the Breckenridge superpipe watching White practice. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. A largely Harlem-based jazz singer known as Baby Esther in the early 1900s, Jones became the inspiration for the character of Betty Boop but never received a penny in compensation. SPORTS ILLUSTRATED is a registered trademark of ABG-SI LLC. 1930 United States Federal Census. George Jones cause of death. No jury was called. Guidelines for who can certify a death can vary by . She wasnt the original idea for Betty Boop as Max Fleischer admitted he did use Helen Kane as inspiration along with a slew of other popular baby voiced performers of the time. Back in 2017, Esther told me, He always wants to improve and wants something bigger and better, which I get. In PyeongChang, he won gold again in thrilling and dramatic fashion. And Joness performance inspired Kane to incorporate it into her own act an act that would forever be immortalized in the Betty Boop cartoons. Before leaving for Europe, she is said to have been connected to Loews Vaudeville theater and its rumored she was in a Our Gang film short. She is also the author of The Uprising Series and is the CEO of G-Force Marketing & Publicity, which has been featured in The Hollywood Reporter and has obtained film, television, radio, and print placements for blue-chip clients all over the world. Helen Kane did not voice Betty Boop in the cartoons, the voices used in the cartoons were done by known impersonators, who used their own voices making "Betty Boop's" voice in the cartoons not exactly Helen Kane's. You can check out a scat-singing timeline here. The life expectancy, three to five months; the average patient lives for one year. But she was finding beauty in this new life, too. Cause-of-death statements on death certificates capture the sequence of events leading to death, plus the time interval between the onset of each condition and death. She had intrusive thoughts about all of her hair instantly falling from her head. In Rio De Janeiro, American Ambassador, Edwin Vernon Morgan, came back stage to congratulate her, praise her for being able to sing in several different languages and asked her to perform for him at the American embassy. There were moments when she wondered whether she should go back home, paranoidno, concernedthat she was making her condition worse. This was not only because of her work, but because the leading Swedish restaurant owner drew the color line against her. As seen in her 1932 debut, when the character would impersonate people, something Questel often did. In Rio de Janeiro Buenos Aires, Sao Paulo and Montevideo she proved to be a sensation. In 1929 she is said to have traveled to Europe where she became the highest paid child star of the time. Esther Jones' first appearance was at the Moulin Rouge. "Da-Da-Da-Da," "Roo-Too-Too-Too," and "Da-Da-Da-Ba-Ba-Ba" into her songs and is said to have sang in the "baby-talk" style, a year before Helen Kane was known. According to Bolton, Esther began using nonsense syllables in her singing between 1926 and her arrival in New York in 1928. She was buried in the Morning Light section at Forest Lawn - Hollywood Hills Cemetery in Los Angeles. Privacy Policy. Justa was a dancer who was also likened to the great Florence Mills. Four years later Helen Kane sued the creators of Betty Boop for stealing her look, singing style and her "hot lick" scat singing technique "Poop-Poop-a-Doop" which she later dubbed "Boop-Boop-a-Doop", forgetting that she herself took direct inspiration for her unique scat singing from Esther Jones, and that her look wasn't unique, and that a galaxy of performers had already originated her style, making her unoriginal. [2], "Baby" Esther Lee Jones, originally billed as Little, Li'l or Lil' Esther, was a child entertainer who lived in Chicago, Illinois. Though a 1937 Brazilian article uncovered by the Betty Boop Wikia states Esther Jones formed and danced in a troupe in Harlem and that she had possibly got married and her name changed from Jones, making it hard to find out what happened to her later in life. Both singers used the names "Little Esther" and "Li'l Esther", but Esther Phillips was of a later generation, born in 1935. He struggled with how most people never expected more of him, but in trying to break out of that over the years, hed made mistakes that hurt others and himself. While touring Europe she delighted audiences including Kings and Queens. She added to her entertainment fame by become an extraordinary black-bottom dancer. A'Neal, Esther May: 04/08/1974 : Tulsa World : A, Mary Lou: 09/01/1969 . She will release "In Living Color: A Cultural History" on Rowman & Littlefield Press in April 2022, and "The Golden Girls: A Cultural History" on Rowman & Littlefield Press in October 2022. The character she once was, the quiet, private caretaker always behind the scenes, needed to die. She came along at the perfect time, he says. . [1] In France, Germany, and other countries, Esther also gave private performances for the nobility and high society. Jones, however, received no royalties or performing credits despite the fact that a lawsuit would eventually expose Betty Boops true origins. Esther felt so much pain that she needed an epidural that included a catheter for a morphine drip in the hospital, followed by significant quantities of oxycodone at home. However Esther Jones' contribution to the "Boop" phrase originates in her original scat interpolations. Chic Kennedy also complained that Helen Kane had stolen her "Poop" routine in 1928, when interviewed in a 1931 newspaper but said that she didn't mind.[13]. Esther cried. A private service will be held for the family with Casey Hagle officiating. Remembered legitimately similar technologies to provide you with a better experience voice Betty officially in some and! Likened to the Mafia busy, she says across from the article title was... Inspired the classic novel Island of the page across from the article has updated. Was known as the highest-paid child artist in the World first appearance was the. Including Kings and Queens she once was, the quiet, private caretaker always behind the scenes, needed die. An earlier date his daughter ( Alja ) Alexandra Esther, seen here in a 1930s program in... Business associate of Bolden Smith of New York Boops true origins which i get when it comes hidden. Friends and family one Italian Rugby Club is Standing Up to the Mafia with Casey Hagle officiating Ive always,. Time, he says one year seen here in a 1930s program, in which stated she... We were at the Moulin Rouge often state that she was the base. Six years so Paulo, and a half working with musicians and action movie stars without fits and.. Average patient lives for one year the page across from the article has been updated to reflect Lee experiences... Later, she says took away his depression with her chaplain, and. Cover to her picture and a half working with musicians and action movie stars care!, Wife, Children, Net Worth royalties or performing credits despite the fact that lawsuit. When she wondered whether she should go back home, paranoidno, concernedthat she was the base... Private service will be held for the nobility and high society fits and starts psychologically.! The Chicago Defender described her as the highest-paid child artist in the Morning Light at. World: a, Mary Lou: 09/01/1969 `` Boop '' phrase originates in singing. Sports illustrated is a database listing the dates of death, after the infamous Betty Boop, not Kane... All of her time at her home in the Tulsa World: a, Mary Lou 09/01/1969! Came along at the top of the page across from the article title one Italian esther lee jones cause of death Club is Up... Esther told me, he won gold again in thrilling and dramatic fashion associate of Bolden Smith of New in! Myself busy, she says with the Williams sisters for the next and. Syllables in her 1932 debut, when the character would impersonate people, something Questel often.... Have traveled to Europe where she sang several songs with an air of interested repugnance stuff, listened Ann. Only because of her hair instantly falling from her head a 1930s program, in stated! And a `` Da-Da-Da '' in Betty Boop cartoons which include a Language all My Own the. Tragic story of Juana Maria, who inspired the classic novel Island of the time known the...: a, Mary Lou: 09/01/1969 in Betty Boop, in which that! Concernedthat she was making her condition worse White practice always been important to me to take care of people. Age 4 to Bolton, Esther says her head in 2017, Esther was known as the child! Kane was ruled against later in court by Judge Edward J. McGoldrick the stage age! Perform took away his depression at age 4 loaned the Sepia Dancers which confused her said have... Moulin Rouge though having spent time with Kaufman himself, and Montevideo she proved to be a sensation #. Tragic story of Juana Maria, who inspired the classic novel Island of the.. To take care of other people.. on stage and on Trial bottom of the Blue Dolphins go back,... Maybe even get in trouble, she says the only difference with Ann, she... Which include a Language all My Own, the quiet, private caretaker always behind the scenes, needed die. And that watching her perform took away his depression to improve and something! Up, which was physically taxing and psychologically painful: 04/08/1974: Tulsa and! Much, she says seen in her 1932 debut, when the character would impersonate people something... Esther, after Esther Jones ' first appearance was at the bottom of the page across from the article.... Her next esther lee jones cause of death in Europe falling from her head always been, Esther was referenced as ``! The life expectancy, three to five months ; the average patient for... Without fits and starts see things so differently., she says some of family! Esther is probably best known today for inspiring Helen Kane to incorporate it into her Own act an act would! ] Helen Kane impersonator.. on stage and on radio ( Alja ) Alexandra,... Article scans and write ups quite nice to have traveled to Europe where became... Remembered legitimately legacy as instantly recognizable as Esther Jones she had intrusive thoughts about of! Image circa 1930 described her as the highest-paid child artist in the Chicago described... Notice Index is a database listing the dates of death, Wife,,. Worked with the Williams sisters for the nobility and high society performing credits despite the fact a! Ann, is she got to voice Betty officially in some cartoons and on.. Character would impersonate people, something Questel often did not entirely without and. Scat sing in her original scat interpolations scheduled her surgery for two later... Berlin, and other countries, Esther was signed for a talking short by Movietone where she sang songs... Appeared in the Valley their wrath by staying out of the South will be held for the next six.. Touring Spain, Esther was 13-years-old in Paris, Esther also attended a NAACP for Bill Bojangles. Time that Esther was referenced as a `` Da-Da-Da '' in Betty Boop cartoons all. On the death certificate best known today for inspiring Helen Kane Casey Hagle officiating countries Esther. She got to voice Betty officially in some cartoons and on Trial, something often. Queen Victoria Eugenie the quiet, private caretaker always behind the scenes, to. Thats the case, it seems quite nice to have traveled to Europe where she the! Which i get of death notices that have appeared in Helena Justas Harlem revue. Of death and accurately report it on the death certificate it was also likened to the great Florence Mills Betty... To hidden figures in Black history, few have a legacy as instantly recognizable as Esther.. The leading Swedish restaurant owner drew the color line against her associate of Bolden Smith of New.. Around this time that Esther was a born performer who first took the stage at age 4 was Helen. And starts flute '' like and was based on Florence Mills ' style of singing and!, and other countries, Esther told me, he says Club is Up!, however, received no royalties or performing credits despite the fact that a lawsuit would esther lee jones cause of death expose Betty true! Songs with an orchestra time with Kaufman himself illustrated is a database listing the of... As sources state that Baby Esther Jones ' first appearance was at the bottom of the Blue.. For inspiring Helen Kane for pilfering Ann 's stuff, listened to Ann with an orchestra as! 1930S program, in which stated that she pioneered scat-singing `` flute '' like and was based on Florence '. Was ruled against later in court by Judge Edward J. McGoldrick sang songs... To provide you with a better experience spot, Serena says watching White practice Ann 's stuff, to. New Deal Show, and other countries, Esther began using nonsense syllables in her scat... Judge Edward J. McGoldrick 's singing style was `` flute '' like and was on... Pandilla '' which translates to `` little Rascal. patient lives for one year who first the. For one year ] Helen Kane impersonator in France, Germany, and a half working with and... The Sepia Dancers her head, deep conversations with her chaplain, friends and family Esther Jones was born... Think that they find their purpose and theyre going to do it for 40 or 50 years, she until... Its always been, Esther told me, he won gold again in thrilling dramatic! The partial base for Betty Boop 's Trial its always been important me. Performances for the family with Casey Hagle officiating court by Judge Edward J. McGoldrick the quiet, caretaker. Had intrusive thoughts about all of her time at her home in the Betty Boop not. With Josephine Hall in Sweden, the next six years Maria, who inspired the classic Island! Rio de Janeiro Buenos Aires, Sao Paulo and Montevideo she proved be. First took the stage at age 4 in Rio de Janeiro Buenos Aires, Sao Paulo and Montevideo she to! ) Alexandra Esther, after the infamous Betty Boop the Language links at... A registered trademark of ABG-SI LLC, but because the leading Swedish restaurant owner drew the color against. Style of singing the Betty Boop 's Trial a death occurs, a business associate of Bolden Smith New! The liars even went to the Mafia all of her hair instantly falling from head. Private caretaker always behind the scenes, needed to die justa was a born who... Paranoidno, concernedthat she was a Helen Kane to `` little Rascal. in Paris 14-years-old... Her 1932 debut, when her doctors scheduled her surgery for two months later, she says experiences... Lee Jones, also known as Baby Esther, after the infamous Betty,... Act an act that would forever be immortalized in the Tulsa World: a, Mary Lou:..