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Antraknóza (Colletotrichum graminicola)

Symptómy choroby sú veľmi závislé od teploty prostredia. V začiatkoch sa objavujú bledé škvrny rôzneho priemeru. Rozvoj choroby závisí od teploty a vlhkosti prostredia.

Symptómy:

V začiatkoch sa príznaky prejavujú ako bledé škvrny individuálne rozmiestnené v trávniku. Niekedy nie je jasný prechod medzi poškodeným a zdravým rastlinným pletivom. Ďalší rozvoj závisí od teploty a vlhkosti prostredia.

Pri teplotách do 20 º C sa objavujú škvrny menšieho rozsahu (o priemere 1 - 3 cm) a spodné listy resp. báza listov sa sfarbuje do žlto-oranžovo-červená. Rastliny sa ľahko vyťahujú z pôdy a na odumretých zvyškoch možno pozorovať tmavé mycélium a čierne acervuly. Rastliny nemusia uhynúť, iba sa oslabí celý porast.

Pri teplotách nad 25 º C sa objavujú škvrny väčšieho rozsahu, sfarbené do žlto-oranžova. Sfarbujú sa celé listy, nielen spodné časti. Choroba napadá aj korene, rastliny odumierajú a v trávniku vznikajú prázdne miesta.

Rizikové faktory:

Nadbytok organickej hmoty, nevyrovnaná výživa . Náchylné na antraknózu sú hlavne odrody lipnice lúčnej.

Vývoj a šírenie:

Pôvodca choroby prečká vo forme mycélia v infikovanej trávnej hmote. Za priaznivých podmienok čo je vysoká vzdušná vlhkosť a vlhké počasie , dochádza k rozvoju huby a jej rozšíreniu na zdravé časti trávnika.

Ochrana:

Nakoľko pôvodca napadá hlavne oslabené rastliny , preventívne opatrenia spočívajú v dobrom výživovom programe , pravidelnom kosení a prevzdušňovaní , pravidelnom odstraňovaní plsti ako zdroja nákazy. V mieste pravidelného napadnutia chorobou pravidelne prevzdušňujte.

V prípade silného napadnutia ošetriť fungicídom s účinnou látkou mancozeb, propiconazole, azoxystrobin, triadimefon, fenarimol, trifloxystrobin, myclobutanil. V prípade silného napadnutia urobiť dosev prázdnych miest.

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