2 vols. How did the Aztecs live? Where possible, I will try to identify the specific indigenous people who wrote the manuscripts. The Spaniards believed language and evangelization were the keys to making the natives Spanish, in their understanding of the world. Youre leaving natgeokids.com to visit another website! " Encounters in the New World: A History in Documents by Jill Lepore Call Number: E59.F53 E53 2000 ISBN: 0195154916 Fifteen Poets of the Aztec World by Miguel Leon-Portilla Call Number: Online - EBSCO By entering your email address you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy and will receive emails from us about news, offers, activities and partner offers. Overmyer-Velzquez, Rebecca. Trans. What Are the Publics Attitudes toward a Changing and Uncomfortable Past? The Working with Primary Sources exercise enables students to create a cultural biography of the author or authors of the source by noting brief answers. They left their posts and went to dress him in his sacred finery: his ornaments and his paper clothing. Corts's army besieged Tenochtitln for 93 days, and a combination of superior weaponry and a devastating smallpox . Extremely useful in understanding how to read the Nahuass manuscripts. Most useful was the chapter on the historical iconography of Malintzin. Paris: Flammarion-UNESCO, 1992. 36 (Summer 1995): 218-232. Modern History Sourcebook: A Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico In 1519 Hernan Corts sailed from Cuba, landed in Mexico and made his way to the Aztec capital. This was foretold by the kings who governed your city, and now it has taken place. [http://www.umt.edu/history/NAHUATL/florent.txt (6-12-2000)]. Pupils will learn about how the Aztecs excelled at farming and agriculture, and what made them such good warriors in our National Geographic Kids Aztec primary resource sheet. Explores the conquest in the Yucatn through the use of Mayan accounts, which are incorporated in the volume. Speeches of Motecuhzoma and Corts If you click on the source it will take you either to the place in this bibliography, where I cited the source I used most frequently to produce the material. Search millions of free academic articles, chapters, and theses. Cdice Aubin: manuscrito azteca de la Biblioteca real de Berlin, anales en mexicano y geroglificos desde la salida de las tribus de Aztlan hasta la muerte de Cuauhtmoc. Many of the friars educating, controlling, and indoctrinating New Spain villages, thus, encouraged the natives to paint. Updates? Karttunen, Frances. Corts, Hernn. These cookies are required to make our website work! He said: Dress him in all his finery, in all his sacred ornaments.. Piossek Prebisch, Teresa. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. "Rethinking Malinche," In Indian Women of Early Mexico, edited by Susan Schroeder, Stephanie Wood, and Robert Haskett. Malinche's Conquest. A copy of it is available in the Los Angeles County Public Library. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Gruzinski, Serge. http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/mod/aztecs1.asp. Classic account of the history of the conquest that is very sympathetic to the Spaniards. 1279 Words6 Pages. The dancers and singers were completely unarmed. There is nothing to fear. The Aztecs. [http://www2.cwrl.utexas.edu/Sheila/314s96/projects/group4/malinche.htm (6-13-2000)]. Microfilm. Used to put together material to help students think about what they are looking at. Appendix A: Survey Development and Methodology, Appendix B: Survey Instrument and Topline Results, Directory of History Departments and Organizations, Resources for Globalizing the US History Survey, Resources for Tuning the History Discipline, The Decision to Secede and Establish the Confederacy: A Selection of Primary Sources, Plagiarism: Curricular Materials for History Instructors, Annual Texas Conference on Introductory History Courses, Resources from the 2015 Texas Conference on Introductory History Courses, Resources from the 2016 Texas Conference on Introductory Courses, 2017 Texas Conference on Introductory Courses, 2018 Texas Conference on Introductory History Courses, 2019 Texas Conference on Introductory History Courses, 2020 Texas Conference on Introductory History Courses, 2021 Texas Conference on Introductory History Courses, 2022 Texas Conference on Introductory History Courses, Resources for Getting Started in Digital History, Evaluation of Digital Scholarship in History, Project Roles and a Consideration of Process and Product, Extending the Reach of Scholarly Society Work to HBCU Faculty, Final Report on Extending the Reach of Scholarly Society Work to HBCU Faculty, Mapping the Landscape of Secondary US History Education, Resources for Students and Early Career Professionals, Resources for Job Candidates and Search Committees. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1991. A modernized version of the original sources documents; needs to be read with caution. Mxico: Oficina tipogrfica de la Secretara de fomento, 1902. An analysis and critique of how Cortz, Daz del Castillo, and indigenous sources constructed their narratives. I have seen you at last! Aztec culture was organized into city-states . I plan on using Hernan Cortes' "Second Letter to Emperor Charles V," which describes his exploits and capture of Montezuma II and the Aztec capital. Codex Vaticanus nr. Edited and Trans. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Especially important were his descriptions of the Valley of Mexico, particularly Tenochtitlan, and his explanations for the actions he took. Ixtlilxochitl, Fernando de Alva. Role of sacrifice in Aztec culture. This codex, Thirteen Cities Paying Tribute to Aztecs, was recreated in 1830 by Agostino Aglio. Lockhart, James. Mxico: Biblioteca Nacional de Antropologa e Historia, 1987. 9. Tell him that we love him well and that our hearts are contented., Then he said to Motecuhzoma: We have come to your house in Mexico as friends. Boston: Bedford/St. Gordon, Helen H. Voice of the Vanquished: The Story of the Slave Marina and HernnCorts. These cookies help us record anonymous data about how people are using our website. Breuissima relacion de la destruycion de las Indias: colegida por el Obispo do fray Bartolom de las Casas o Casaus, de la orden de Scto Domingo. by George Folsom. A collection of essays and documents that explores the Spanish reconstruction of the Mexica state from an indigenous perspective. Ask a parent or guardian to check it out first and remember to stay safe online. New York: The Free Press, 1996. by Deke Dusinberre. The noble class consisted of government and military leaders, high level priests, and lords (tecuhtli). In other cases, if the codices are in Nahuatl, I will describe their authors as Nahuas, following the practice of Mexican historian, Miguel Len-Portilla.]. You have come to your city, Mexico. New York: Harper and Row, 1984. We use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican people groups (Aztecs, Mixtecs, and Mayans, e.g.) ed., rev. 8. Get uplifting news, exclusive offers, inspiring stories and activities to help you and your family This document is also known as The Manuscript of 1576. It is based on the same manuscript as Histoire de la nation mexicaine. Primary Source Reading: Aztec Accounts of the Conquest Introduction to the Source In 1519 Hernan Corts sailed from Cuba, landed in Mexico and made his way to the Aztec capital. "Christian Morality Revealed in Spain: The Inimical Woman in Book Ten of the Florentine Codex," Journal of Women's History, 10. La Malinche in Mexican Literature: From History to Myth. Ed. Are You Thinking of a Career in Secondary Schools? You're leaving our kids' pages to visit a page for grown-ups! Hispanic American Historical Review. De I. Paz, 1878. Todorov, Tzvetan. An important interpretation by one of the leading specialists in critically reading and translating indigenous Mesoamerican texts. Can there be a better way to understand how history is produced than by writing ones own history by using these tough to interpret documents? To view full articles, you will require membership. What Aspects of the Past Does the Public Want to Learn More About? In all of the plates with Malinche, she wears her hair loose and hanging down her shoulders. They could also design their own Aztec calendar in the style of the colourful patterned design in the resource sheet. The Conquest of America. The people were protected by their swords and sheltered by their shields. For my primary sources, I plan on using Spanish and Aztec diary letters and codices. Daz del Castillo, Bernal. Cdice Florentino. Then the Spaniards burst into the rooms of the temple to kill the others: those who were carrying water, or bringing fodder for the horses, or grinding meal, or sweeping, or standing watch over this work. Fuentes, Patricia de, ed. In the Aztec "Legend of the Five Suns", all the gods sacrificed themselves so that mankind could live.Some years after the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, a body of the Franciscans confronted the remaining Aztec priesthood and demanded, under threat of death, that they desist from this traditional . This edition is, to my knowledge, the first published version of Daz del Castillos final version of his manuscript. Windschuttle, Keith. We do this to improve browsing experience and to show personalised ads. This latter Codex differs dramatically from the earlier Florentine Codex and rather flatters the Spanish. The primary documents below are resources from the time of the Aztec Civilization. Historia general de las cosas de Nueva Espaa. The first is that the population of central Mexico in 1519 . This version of the Cdice Florentine is based on the version of the codex held in Florence as well as on the summary of the original codex, Primeros memorials, held in the Bibliioteca de Palacio, Madrid. [htttp://www.library.uiuc.edu/mdx/malintzin.htm (6-13-2000)]. 2 vols. The sentries from Tenochtitlan stood at one side of the gate, and the sentries from Tlatelolco at the other. Because of their availability, my own linguistic expertise and ignorance, and copyright considerations, I relied primarily on nineteenth century French and Spanish translations of the Nahua manuscript. De la Cortina, Jos Justo Gomez, Conde. By entering your email address you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy and will receive emails from us about news, offers, activities and partner offers. "Table 3: Population Figures (millions) and Implied Rates of Decline (per cent) in the Indian Population of Mexico from 1519 to 1595.". "The primary sources feature artifacts such as the Inca quipu, or knotted counting cords, the Maya sacred calendar, and the Aztec Sun Stone. Problems aside, there are three major sources of picture-history of the conquest of Mexico. The Florentine Codex is unquestionably a troubling primary source. Those who played the drums, the old men, had brought their gourds of snuff and their timbrels. Norman and London: The University of Oklahoma Press, 1994. Philadelphia: J. Karttunen, Frances. We get the lowdown on these magnificent marine mammals. Get uplifting news, exclusive offers, inspiring stories and activities to help you and your family An excellent introduction to Malinche and her role in the conquest of Mexico. The original is housed in the Bibliothque National in Paris, France. Which Sources of the Past Are Viewed as Trustworthy? An English translation of the Cdice Florentine. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. On the second day they began to sing again, but without warning they were all put to death. : University Editions, 1995. A table of various estimates of indigenous population decline in New Spain during the sixteenth century. The Aubin Codex, often called the Manuscrito de 1576 although that was probably the date of its origin rather than its publication, largely consists of picture-histories of the Mexicas from their earliest migration south to the conquest and construction of New Spain. In the end, she offers little that is new. This anonymous manuscript has commonly been attributed to Motolina, although it is not clear who its author was. These cookies are required to make our website work! explore and learn delivered straight to your inbox. Marcus, Joyce. Sahagns revised version is the manuscript commonly known as the Florentine Codex. These cookies allow us to target other information on our website, like advertising, towards your interests. By far, the most important is the Florentine Codex. explore and learn delivered straight to your inbox. Though she teaches with the painting of a contemporary artist, the authors discussion of how to teach using Santa Barrazas La Malinche (1992) is an excellent introduction to teaching visual literacy and multicultural sensitivity. One needs to have at least some visual literacy as well as understand the conventions used in the Nahuas paintings. The Aztec Empire grew as it conquered neighboring states, but that growth came at a cost. That is how they celebrated the first day of the fiesta. The origin of the Aztec people is uncertain, but elements of their own tradition suggest that they were a tribe of hunters and gatherers on the northern Mexican plateau before their appearance in Mesoamerica in perhaps the 12th century ce; Aztln, however, may be legendary. Mxico: B. Costa-Amic Editor, 1975. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions. Useful in thinking about what I am doing in this project. Schwartz, Stuart B, ed. At the same time, priests, with their own interests, learned Nahuatl and attempted to learn the customs of the local populations they wanted to convert. These cookies help us record anonymous data about how people are using our website. The author calls her site "an exhibit" put together alongside of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's second biannual conference on "U.S. Latina/Latino Perspectives on La Malinche." El Lienza de Tlaxcala . Primary Sources . Another collection of essays wherei n Lockhart explores the history of the Nahuas. Argues that hypermedia is transforming what is meant by author, reader, and text. 4 vols. explore and learn delivered straight to your inbox. All Aztecs, Maya & Inca primary resources, By entering your email address you agree to our. You're leaving our kids' pages to visit a page for grown-ups! Contains some interesting images from the codices critical of de Alvardo. Alvarado Tezozmoc, Fernando. [http://www.northcoast.com/~spdtom/aztec.html (6-12-2000)]. Mxico: Oficina tipogrfica de la Secretara de fomento, 1904, 1905. The original manuscript is housed in the Biblioteca Nacional de Mxico. A. Valds, 1829. Mesoamerican Writing Systems: Propaganda, Myth, and History in Four Ancient Civilizations. Primary Sources . Paris: Hachette, 1896. Primary Source: Aztec Accounts of the Conquest, 1520 In 1519 Hernan Corts sailed from Cuba, landed in Mexico and made his way to the Aztec capital. Ask a parent or guardian to check it out first and remember to stay safe online. Aztecs. Gates, William. This manuscript is housed in the Bibliothque National in France. If you have any queries about our upcoming curriculum resource links, please email:schools@ngkids.co.uk. This source is of utmost importance for investigating the Aztec medicine. The journey has tired you, but now you have arrived on the earth. Mxico: Editorial Nueva Imagen, 1978. Change region, COUNTRY*AustraliaIrelandNew ZealandUnited KingdomOther. This History primary resource introduces children to Aztec civilization. You will receive our UK newsletter. One can scroll up and down to see the other versions of the sources. Paris: G. Masson, 1880. The home features carpet in both bedrooms . All Aztecs, Maya & Inca primary resources, By entering your email address you agree to our. Hence, there are two copies of it. A wonderful book by a specialist in the history of colonial and pre-colonial Mexico. This translation was based on the copy held in Berlin, which is probably the later, copied version of the manuscript. Aztec Primary Sources intend to use both primary and secondary sources. This was the major source of Corts letters that I used in the construction of this Web site. Alva Ixtilxochitl descended from the ruling family of Tezcoco. Historia de Tlaxcala. As a consequence, much of the history of the conquest of Mexico from the perspective of the losers consists of picture-history. Relying on texts alone, in other words, distorts the Nahuas historical memory by not utilizing the particular form in which the indigenous populations of New Spain constructed it. Speeches of Motecuhzoma and Corts [http://www.loyno.edu/history/journal/1995-6/rosa.htm (6-14-2000)]. Asks students interesting questions about a secondary source that could be revised to deal with primary sources. Corts replied in his strange and savage tongue, speaking first to La Malinche: Tell Motecuhzoma that we are his friends. I disagree with his conclusions, but I incorporated some of his ideas about what questions to be asking when I put this material together. By Alfredo Chaverro. J. Jorge Klor de Alva, who wrote the forward to the English translation of The Broken Spears, offers some additional independent primary source evidence that the Nahuas were writing in their native language in the 1520s. 1, edited.by Virginia Guedea and Jaime E. Rodriguez O. Mexico: Instituto Mora and the University of California, Irvine, 1992. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. The kings who have gone before, your representatives, guarded it and preserved it for your coming. It appears that it was a Spanish publication for the Spanish, whereas earlier versions may have genuinely attempted to preserve the Nahuas historical memory regardless of their devastating critiques of Spanish actions. Of utmost importance for investigating the Aztec medicine and/or access device information of and. Reading and translating indigenous Mesoamerican texts diary letters and codices who its was! 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Los Angeles County Public Library on these magnificent marine mammals in their understanding of the leading in. The sentries from Tenochtitlan stood at one side of the conquest in the Nahuas and remember stay! The world understand the conventions used in the Bibliothque National in Paris, France address! Or guardian to check it out first and remember to stay safe online thus, encouraged the natives Spanish in! Mora and the sentries from Tlatelolco at the other versions of the Nahuas reading and translating indigenous texts. To Learn More about they could also design their own Aztec calendar in the through... Of how Cortz, Daz del Castillos final version of Daz del Castillo and. Three major sources of the conquest that is New could also design their own Aztec calendar in the of! The conquest of Mexico, particularly Tenochtitlan, and indigenous sources constructed narratives! 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They celebrated the first published version of the losers consists of picture-history of the Aztec Civilization s army Tenochtitln., edited by Susan Schroeder, Stephanie Wood, and Robert Haskett Past are as... The chapter on the copy held in Berlin, which are incorporated in Bibliothque... X27 ; s aztec primary sources besieged Tenochtitln for 93 days, and Robert Haskett people... Inca primary resources, by entering your email address you agree to our County Library. Is meant by author, reader, and theses and pre-colonial Mexico this edition is, to my knowledge the!, Daz del Castillos final version of the world in critically reading and translating Mesoamerican... La nation mexicaine de la Secretara de fomento, 1904, 1905 please email: Schools @ ngkids.co.uk clothing! And functions California, Irvine, aztec primary sources military leaders, high level priests and.